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Fig. 1 | Molecular Autism

Fig. 1

From: Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages of individuals with autism spectrum disorder adversely affect neuronal dendrites through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines

Fig. 1

Co-culture system of hiPSC-derived neurons and macrophages. A Summary of neuronal differentiation of hiPSCs into glutamatergic neurons and the macrophage differentiation and co-culture protocol. B Immunocytochemistry at DIV28 to characterize hiPSCs-derived glutamatergic neurons of two hiPS cell lines. Expression of excitatory neuronal marker vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGlut2) on neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin (Tuj-1) observed. Scale bar: 30 μm. C Immunocytochemistry at DIV30, 2 days after co-culture, and DIV56. Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecular 1 (Iba1) immunopositive macrophages of TD1 were observed on hiPSC-derived neurons from 201B7 hiPSC line. Scale bar: 100 μm. D 3D-reconstitution of the upper image by NIH ImageJ volume viewer shown below. The upper image was reconstructed and rotated 175 degrees on the x-axis, 40 degrees on the y-axis, and 75 degrees on the z-axis. Scale bar: 20 μm

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Molecular Autism

ISSN: 2040-2392