From: Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and theory of mind in transgender and non-binary adults
Comparison | Measure and control study | Direction of Effect | t | p | Cohen’s d | 95% CI for d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transgender men vs. control females | AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34] | Transgender men > control females | 5.54 | < 0.001 | 0.77 | [0.53, 1.00] |
AQ (vs. Ruzich et al.) [35] | Transgender men > control females | 3.80 | < 0.001 | 0.47 | [0.24, 0.70] | |
SQ-Short [31] | Transgender men > control females | 4.88 | < 0.001 | 0.62 | [0.38, 0.86] | |
EQ-Short [31] | Transgender men < control females | − 4.58 | < 0.001 | − 0.70 | [− 0.94, − 0.46] | |
EQ-10 [32] | Transgender men < control females | − 3.93 | < 0.001 | − 0.50 | [− 0.73, − 0.25] | |
Eyes Test [36] | Transgender men < control females | − 2.29 | 0.025 | − 0.36 | [− 0.59, − 0.13] | |
Non-binary AFAB vs. control females | AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34] | Non-binary AFAB > control females | 11.16 | < 0.001 | 1.24 | [1.03, 1.44] |
AQ ( vs. Ruzich et al.) [35] | Non-binary AFAB > control females | 8.98 | < 0.001 | 0.89 | [0.69, 1.09] | |
SQ-Short [31] | Non-binary AFAB > control females | 5.90 | < 0.001 | 0.66 | [0.45, 0.87] | |
EQ-Short [31] | Non-binary AFAB < control females | − 5.98 | < 0.001 | − 0.76 | [− 0.97, − 0.55] | |
EQ-10 [32] | Non-binary AFAB < control females | − 4.86 | < 0.001 | − 0.51 | [− 0.71, − 0.31] | |
Eyes Test [36] | Non-binary AFAB < control females | − 2.72 | 0.008 | − 0.32 | [− 0.51, − 0.12] | |
Transgender women vs. control males | AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34] | Transgender women > control males | 0.84 | 0.993 | 0.01 | [− 0.20, 0.22] |
AQ (vs. Ruzich et al.) [35] | Transgender women < control males | − 1.44 | 0.152 | − 0.13 | [− 0.34, 0.07] | |
SQ-Short [31] | Transgender women < control males | − 0.43 | 0.666 | − 0.05 | [− 0.27, 0.17] | |
EQ-Short [31] | Transgender women > control males | 3.22 | 0.002 | 0.38 | [0.16, 0.60] | |
EQ-10 [32] | Transgender women > control males | 3.21 | 0.002 | 0.34 | [0.14, 0.55] | |
Eyes Test [36] | Transgender women < control males | − 2.27 | 0.026 | − 0.22 | [− 0.42, − 0.02] | |
Non-binary AMAB vs. control males | AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34] | Non-binary AMAB > control males | 1.67 | 0.102 | 0.22 | [− 0.07, 0.51] |
AQ (vs. Ruzich et al.) [35] | Non-binary AMAB > control males | 0.44 | 0.661 | 0.05 | [− 0.23, 0.33] | |
SQ-Short [31] | Non-binary AMAB < control males | − 0.88 | 0.384 | − 0.13 | [− 0.43, 0.16] | |
EQ-Short [31] | Non-binary AMAB > control males | 1.83 | 0.074 | 0.29 | [− 0.00, 0.59] | |
EQ-10 [32] | Non-binary AMAB > control males | 2.27 | 0.028 | 0.30 | [0.02, 0.59] | |
Eyes Test [36] | Non-binary AMAB < control males | − 0.21 | 0.832 | − 0.03 | [− 0.31, 0.24] |