Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and theory of mind in transgender and non-binary adults

Kung, Karson T. F.

doi:10.1186/s13229-020-00378-7

Molecular Autism

Table 2 Inferential statistics and effect sizes for the group comparisons

From: Autistic traits, systemising, empathising, and theory of mind in transgender and non-binary adults

Comparison	Measure and control study	Direction of Effect	t	p	Cohen’s d	95% CI for d
Transgender men vs. control females	AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34]	Transgender men > control females	5.54	< 0.001	0.77	[0.53, 1.00]
	AQ (vs. Ruzich et al.) [35]	Transgender men > control females	3.80	< 0.001	0.47	[0.24, 0.70]
	SQ-Short [31]	Transgender men > control females	4.88	< 0.001	0.62	[0.38, 0.86]
	EQ-Short [31]	Transgender men < control females	− 4.58	< 0.001	− 0.70	[− 0.94, − 0.46]
	EQ-10 [32]	Transgender men < control females	− 3.93	< 0.001	− 0.50	[− 0.73, − 0.25]
	Eyes Test [36]	Transgender men < control females	− 2.29	0.025	− 0.36	[− 0.59, − 0.13]
Non-binary AFAB vs. control females	AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34]	Non-binary AFAB > control females	11.16	< 0.001	1.24	[1.03, 1.44]
	AQ ( vs. Ruzich et al.) [35]	Non-binary AFAB > control females	8.98	< 0.001	0.89	[0.69, 1.09]
	SQ-Short [31]	Non-binary AFAB > control females	5.90	< 0.001	0.66	[0.45, 0.87]
	EQ-Short [31]	Non-binary AFAB < control females	− 5.98	< 0.001	− 0.76	[− 0.97, − 0.55]
	EQ-10 [32]	Non-binary AFAB < control females	− 4.86	< 0.001	− 0.51	[− 0.71, − 0.31]
	Eyes Test [36]	Non-binary AFAB < control females	− 2.72	0.008	− 0.32	[− 0.51, − 0.12]
Transgender women vs. control males	AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34]	Transgender women > control males	0.84	0.993	0.01	[− 0.20, 0.22]
	AQ (vs. Ruzich et al.) [35]	Transgender women < control males	− 1.44	0.152	− 0.13	[− 0.34, 0.07]
	SQ-Short [31]	Transgender women < control males	− 0.43	0.666	− 0.05	[− 0.27, 0.17]
	EQ-Short [31]	Transgender women > control males	3.22	0.002	0.38	[0.16, 0.60]
	EQ-10 [32]	Transgender women > control males	3.21	0.002	0.34	[0.14, 0.55]
	Eyes Test [36]	Transgender women < control males	− 2.27	0.026	− 0.22	[− 0.42, − 0.02]
Non-binary AMAB vs. control males	AQ (vs. Baron-Cohen et al.) [34]	Non-binary AMAB > control males	1.67	0.102	0.22	[− 0.07, 0.51]
	AQ (vs. Ruzich et al.) [35]	Non-binary AMAB > control males	0.44	0.661	0.05	[− 0.23, 0.33]
	SQ-Short [31]	Non-binary AMAB < control males	− 0.88	0.384	− 0.13	[− 0.43, 0.16]
	EQ-Short [31]	Non-binary AMAB > control males	1.83	0.074	0.29	[− 0.00, 0.59]
	EQ-10 [32]	Non-binary AMAB > control males	2.27	0.028	0.30	[0.02, 0.59]
	Eyes Test [36]	Non-binary AMAB < control males	− 0.21	0.832	− 0.03	[− 0.31, 0.24]

AFAB = individuals assigned female at birth; AMAB = individuals assigned male at birth

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ISSN: 2040-2392

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