Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants (means and standard deviations, in addition to minimum and maximum values)
From: Linguistic markers of autism in girls: evidence of a “blended phenotype” during storytelling
ASD (N = 62) | TD (N = 40) | Effects | |||||
Sex ratio | 21 f, 41 m (66% male) | 19 f, 21 m (53% male) | χ2 = 1.37, p = .24 | ||||
Race | Black/African American: 1 | Black/African American: 13 | |||||
White/Caucasian: 53 | White/Caucasian: 20 | ||||||
Asian or Pacific Islander: 3 | Asian or Pacific Islander: 2 | ||||||
Multiracial: 4 | Multiracial: 5 | ||||||
Other: 1 | Other: 0 | ||||||
Maternal education (in years) | ≤ 12: 5% | ≤ 12: 0% | χ2 = 2.03, p = .36 | ||||
13–16: 53% | 13–16: 58% | ||||||
17+: 35% | 17+: 38% | ||||||
Not reported: 6% | Not reported: 5% | ||||||
Female | Male | Female | Male | Sex | Dx | Sex in ASD | |
Age (years) | 10.77 (1.54) | 9.96 (1.93) | 10.33 (2.62) | 10.26 (2.56) | p = .26 | p = .98 | p = .10 |
9.0–14.0 | 7.0–14.0 | 6.6–15.2 | 5.8–15.1 | d = .23 | d = .004 | d = .44 | |
Full-scale IQ | 108.58 (9.63) | 105.95 (11.94) | 105.68 (14.67) | 110.10 (10.50) | p = .90 | p = .62 | p = .39 |
92–130 | 80–131 | 86–134 | 86–127 | d = .03 | d = .10 | d = .23 | |
Verbal IQ | 108.95 (11.35) | 105.46 (11.71) | 108.42 (16.34) | 107.52 (10.33) | p = .34 | p = .70 | p = .27 |
87–134 | 83–127 | 80–148 | 86–130 | d = .20 | d = .08 | d = .30 | |
Non-verbal IQ | 108.14 (11.93) | 106.54 (12.89) | 102.63 (14.45) | 109.33 (12.88) | p = .49 | p = .80 | p = .64 |
85–130 | 83–140 | 81–132 | 89–145 | d = .14 | d = .05 | d = .13 | |
ADOS-2 CSS total | 6.38 (2.64) | 6.71 (2.37) | 1.16 (0.50) | 1.43 (0.68) | p = .45 | p < .001 | p = .62 |
1–10 | 3–10 | 1–3 | 1–3 | d = .09 | d = 2.70 | d = .13 | |
ADOS-2 SA | 6.24 (2.51) | 6.71 (2.39) | 1.68 (0.95) | 2.14 (0.91) | p = .25 | p < .001 | p = .48 |
3–10 | 3–10 | 1–4 | 1–3 | d = .16 | d = 2.30 | d = .19 | |
ADOS-2 RRB | 6.95 (2.60) | 6.93 (2.50) | 1.42 (1.26) | 1.67 (1.71) | p = .85 | p < .001 | p = .97 |
1–10 | 1–10 | 1–5 | 1–7 | d = .03 | d = 2.47 | d = .01 | |
SRS T-score | 80.39 (14.90) | 75.76 (15.63) | 45.84 (6.64) | 45.61 (8.05) | p = .33 | p < .001 | p = .30 |
58–114 | 45–111 | 35–55 | 35–65 | d = .13 | d = 2.50 | d = .30 | |
SCQ total | 20.29 (5.21) | 20.27 (7.01) | 2.21 (2.95) | 2.50 (1.73) | p = .92 | p < .001 | p = .99 |
9–31 | 5–33 | 0–10 | 0–6 | d = .01 | d = 3.41 | d = .003 | |