Maternal age, years (SD)
|
30.3 (5.2)
|
30.5 (5.2)
|
30.8 (5.1)
|
t(367) = −1.75, p = .08, d = .10
|
t(395) = −1.29, p = .20, d = .06
|
Ethnicity
| | | | | |
Chinese
|
195 (53.0 %)
|
232 (58.6 %)
|
616 (56.6 %)
|
χ
2(2) = 10.64, p = .01, w = .17
|
χ
2(2) = 7.35, p = .03, w = .14
|
Malay
|
119 (32.3 %)
|
113 (28.5 %)
|
277 (25.4 %)
|
Indian
|
53 (14.4 %)
|
51 (12.9 %)
|
196 (18.0 %)
|
Highest maternal education level
| | | | | |
None/primary
|
14 (3.8 %)
|
16 (4.0 %)
|
42 (3.9 %)
|
χ
2(2) = 0.31, p = .86, w = .03
|
χ
2(2) = 0.15, p = .93, w = .02
|
Secondary/technical education
|
126 (34.2 %)
|
139 (35.1 %)
|
392 (36.0 %)
|
GCE ‘A’ levels/polytechnic/university/others
|
223 (60.6 %)
|
240 (60.6 %)
|
655 (60.1 %)
|
Household monthly income, SGDa
| | | | | |
0–999
|
9 (2.4 %)
|
8 (2.0 %)
|
22 (2.2 %)
|
χ
2(4) = 0.76, p = .94, w = .05
|
χ
2(4) = 0.11, p =1.00, w = .02
|
1000–1999
|
44 (12.0 %)
|
49 (12.4 %)
|
136 (13.3 %)
|
2000–3999
|
106 (28.8 %)
|
113 (28.5 %)
|
304 (29.8 %)
|
4000–5999
|
85 (23.1 %)
|
92 (23.2 %)
|
254 (24.9 %)
| |
≥6000
|
102 (27.7 %)
|
114 (28.8 %)
|
303 (29.7 %)
| |