Serum proteomic analysis identifies sex-specific differences in lipid metabolism and inflammation profiles in adults diagnosed with Asperger syndrome

Table 3 Summary of significant sex x diagnosis interactions of serum molecules measured by multiplex immunoassay

	Interaction		Males		Females
Protein	P-value	q-value	Ratio	P-value	Ratio	P-value
Bone morphogenic protein-6 (BMP6)	0.023	0.193	3.04	0.001	0.85	0.703
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)	0.017	0.191	1.45	0.003	1.02	0.192
Tissue factor (TF)	0.012	0.154	1.39	0.001	0.73	0.151
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)	0.001	0.037	1.29	0.001	0.83	0.091
Interleukin-16 (IL-16)	0.025	0.196	1.17	0.008	0.88	0.134
Interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70)	0.005	0.070	1.16	0.008	0.91	0.074
Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1)	0.027	0.196	1.15	0.010	1.00	0.343
Chromogranin A (CHGA)	<0.001	0.008	1.70	0.001	0.77	0.019
Tenascin C (TENA)	0.002	0.037	1.28	0.049	0.66	0.007
Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)	0.026	0.191	1.20	0.036	0.76	0.065
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP)	0.004	0.058	1.19	0.040	0.82	0.028
Erythropoietin (EPO)	0.044	0.282	0.49	0.021	1.36	0.060
Interleukin-3 (IL-3)	<0.001	0.022	0.28	0.006	1.87	0.039
Adiponectin (ADIPO)	0.037	0.251	1.19	0.453	0.77	0.037
Immunoglobulin A (IgA)	0.022	0.192	1.05	0.852	0.73	0.006
Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1)	0.002	0.037	1.05	0.857	0.63	0.001

Indicated are the P-values and FDR (false discovery rate) of the sex-diagnosis interactions and the separate ratio (AS/control; calculated using geometric means) changes with P-values in males in females. Values in bold font indicate significant sex differences in individuals with AS and typical individuals. Analytes in italic style font were identified in our previous study of AS individuals, which did not account for potential drug effects[6]. In the overlapping region, changes in molecular levels are in opposite directions in males and females.