From: Sex differences in the first impressions made by girls and boys with autism
ASD (N= 40) | TD (N= 53) | Effects | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex ratio | 15f, 25m (62.5% Male) | 25f, 28m (53% male) | χ2 = .52, p = .47 | ||||
Race | Black/African American 5% (n = 2) White/Caucasian 85% (n = 34) Asian or Pacific Islander 2.5% (n = 1) Multiracial 5% (n = 2) Other 2.5% (n = 1) | Black/African American 22.6% (n = 12) White/Caucasian 60.4% (n = 32) Asian or Pacific Islander 3.7% (n = 2) Multiracial 13.2% (n = 7) Other 0% (n = 0) | χ2 = 9.68, p = .05 | ||||
Maternal education | High school or less 7.5% (n = 3) Bachelor’s or less 40% (n = 16) Graduate degree 50% (n = 20) Not reported 2.5% (n = 1) | High school or less 5.7% (n = 3) Bachelor’s or less 53% (n = 28) Graduate degree 42% (n = 22) Not reported 0% (n = 0) | χ2 = 1.27, p = .53 | ||||
Female | Male | Female | Male | Sex | Dx | Sex in ASD | |
Age (years) | 10.89 (2.30) 7.5–16.3 | 12.07 (3.27) 7.2–17.9 | 10.23 (2.70) 6.4–15.5 | 9.44 (1.89) 6.9–14.1 | p = .99 d = .01 | p = .002 d = − .69 | p = .23 d = .40 |
Full-scale IQ | 107.9 (11.23) 79–124 | 106.40 (13.68) 78–131 | 108.12 (12.46) 86–131 | 110.96 (12.43) 86–133 | p = .70 d = .08 | p = .30 d = .22 | p = .72 d = − .12 |
Verbal IQ | 105.80 (10.29) 85–122 | 106.20 (13.33) 83–130 | 109.04 (12.82) 80–128 | 109.21 (13.77) 86–131 | p = .92 d = .02 | p = .25 d = .24 | p = .92 d = .03 |
Non-verbal IQ | 107.80 (14.98) 80–130 | 105.32 (13.63) 78–130 | 104.76 (13.03) 81–129 | 108.54 (12.46) 82–130 | p = .68 d = .09 | p = .83 d = .05 | p = .59 d = − .18 |
ADOS-2 CSS Total | 6.60 (2.29) 3–10 | 7.00 (1.80) 2–10 | 1.08 (0.28) 1–2 | 1.32 (0.48) 1–2 | p = .28 d = .10 | p < .001 d = − 4.21 | p = .54 d = .20 |
ADOS-2 SA CSS | 6.53 (2.20) 3–10 | 7.36 (1.66) 3–10 | 1.44 (0.77) 1–3 | 1.75 (0.84) 1–3 | p = .07 d = .17 | p < .001 d = − 3.89 | p = .19 d = .44 |
ADOS-2 RRB CSS | 7.27 (1.75) 5–10 | 6.44 (2.14) 1–10 | 1.32 (1.11) 1–5 | 1.86 (1.92) 1–7 | p = .94 d = -.01 | p < .001 d = − 2.87 | p = .22 d = − .41 |
SCQ Total | 17.79 (7.39) 6–31 | 17.56 (7.88) 4–33 | 2.00 (2.24) 0–8 | 2.50 (3.05) 0–14 | p = .86 d = .02 | p < .001 d = − 2.87 | p = .93 d = − .03 |