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  1. Structural differences exist in the brains of autistic individuals. To date only a few studies have explored the relationship between fetal brain growth and later infant autistic traits, and some have used fet...

    Authors: Ezra Aydin, Alex Tsompanidis, Daren Chaplin, Rebecca Hawkes, Carrie Allison, Gerald Hackett, Topun Austin, EglÄ— PadaigaitÄ—, Lidia V. Gabis, John Sucking, Rosemary Holt and Simon Baron-Cohen
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:11
  2. A growing body of evidence suggests that immune dysfunction and inflammation in the peripheral tissues as well as the central nervous system are associated with the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in auti...

    Authors: Ryohei Takada, Michihiro Toritsuka, Takahira Yamauchi, Rio Ishida, Yoshinori Kayashima, Yuki Nishi, Mitsuru Ishikawa, Kazuhiko Yamamuro, Minobu Ikehara, Takashi Komori, Yuki Noriyama, Kohei Kamikawa, Yasuhiko Saito, Hideyuki Okano and Manabu Makinodan
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:10
  3. SHANK3 gene is a highly replicated causative gene for autism spectrum disorder and has been well characterized in multiple Shank3 mutant rodent models. When compared to rodents, domestic dogs are excellent animal...

    Authors: Feipeng Zhu, Qi Shi, Yong-hui Jiang, Yong Q. Zhang and Hui Zhao
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:9
  4. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent social interaction impairments and is male-biased in prevalence. We have established naturally occurring low sociality in male rhesus monkeys as a ...

    Authors: Ozge Oztan, Laura A. Del Rosso, Sierra M. Simmons, Duyen K. K. Nguyen, Catherine F. Talbot, John P. Capitanio, Joseph P. Garner and Karen J. Parker
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:8
  5. Numerous interventions for irritability in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been investigated. We aimed to appraise the magnitude of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for irritability in...

    Authors: Hangnyoung Choi, Jae Han Kim, Hee Sang Yang, Jong Yeob Kim, Samuele Cortese, Lee Smith, Ai Koyanagi, Elena Dragioti, Joaquim Radua, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Jae Il Shin, Keun-Ah Cheon and Marco Solmi
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:7
  6. Restricted repetitive behavior (RRB) is one of two behavioral domains required for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Neuroimaging is widely used to study brain alterations associated with ASD an...

    Authors: Bradley J. Wilkes, Derek B. Archer, Anna L. Farmer, Carly Bass, Hannah Korah, David E. Vaillancourt and Mark H. Lewis
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:6
  7. Helsmoortel–Van der Aa syndrome (HVDAS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by variants in the activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox (ADNP) gene; hence, it is also called ADNP syndrome. ADNP is a multitasking ...

    Authors: Chuanhui Ge, Yuxin Tian, Chunchun Hu, Lianni Mei, Dongyun Li, Ping Dong, Ying Zhang, Huiping Li, Daijing Sun, Wenzhu Peng, Xiu Xu, Yan Jiang and Qiong Xu
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:5
  8. Gastrointestinal symptoms and inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases exist at higher rates in the autistic population. It is not clear however whether autism is associated with elevated gastrointestinal inflam...

    Authors: Nisha E. Mathew, Delyse McCaffrey, Adam K. Walker, Kylie-Ann Mallitt, Anne Masi, Margaret J. Morris and Chee Y. Ooi
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:4
  9. Autism spectrum disorder (henceforth autism) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition associated with differences in gray matter (GM) volume covariations, as reported in our previous study of the Longitudinal...

    Authors: Ting Mei, Alberto Llera, Natalie J. Forde, Daan van Rooij, Dorothea L. Floris, Christian F. Beckmann and Jan K. Buitelaar
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:3
  10. Autistic and non-autistic individuals often differ in how they perceive and show emotions, especially in their ability and inclination to infer other people’s feelings from subtle cues like facial expressions....

    Authors: Benedikt P. Langenbach, Dominik Grotegerd, Peter C. R. Mulders, Indira Tendolkar, Jasper van Oort, Fleur Duyser, Philip van Eijndhoven, Janna N. Vrijsen, Udo Dannlowski, Zarah Kampmann and Katja Koelkebeck
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:2
  11. To examine the relationship between social camouflage and mental health in Japanese autistic adults and make an international comparison with a sample from the UK.

    Authors: Fumiyo Oshima, Toru Takahashi, Masaki Tamura, Siqing Guan, Mikuko Seto, Laura Hull, William Mandy, Kenji Tsuchiya and Eiji Shimizu
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2024 15:1
  12. Emotion dysregulation (ED) is a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD), whose aetiology has been attributed to biosocial factors. In autism spectrum condition (ASC), although ED is prevalent and...

    Authors: Doha Bemmouna, Amine Lagzouli and Luisa Weiner
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:47
  13. Previous studies showed that there is a positive association between mothers’ and children’s autistic traits. We also tested if this association is more pronounced in mothers with a higher pre-pregnancy body m...

    Authors: Novika Purnama Sari, Alexandros Tsompanidis, Rama J. Wahab, Romy Gaillard, Ezra Aydin, Rosemary Holt, Carrie Allison, Simon Baron-Cohen, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn and Pauline W. Jansen
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:46
  14. Repetitive and restricted behaviors and interests (RRBI) are core symptoms of autism with a complex entity and are commonly categorized into ‘motor-driven’ and ‘cognitively driven’. RRBI symptomatology depends...

    Authors: Aline Lefebvre, Nicolas Traut, Amandine Pedoux, Anna Maruani, Anita Beggiato, Monique Elmaleh, David Germanaud, Anouck Amestoy, Myriam Ly-Le Moal, Christopher Chatham, Lorraine Murtagh, Manuel Bouvard, Marianne Alisson, Marion Leboyer, Thomas Bourgeron, Roberto Toro…
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:45
  15. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a heterogeneous group with varied phenotypes and etiologies. Identifying pathogenic subgroups could facilitate targeted treatments. One promising avenue is investigat...

    Authors: Simon Maier, Kathrin Nickel, Thomas Lange, Georg Oeltzschner, Michael Dacko, Dominique Endres, Kimon Runge, Anke Schumann, Katharina Domschke, Michalis Rousos and Ludger Tebartz van Elst
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:44
  16. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are predominantly neurodevelopmental and largely genetically determined. However, there are human data supporting the idea that fever can improve symptoms in some individuals, b...

    Authors: Ana Belen Lopez-Rodriguez, Carol L. Murray, John Kealy, Clodagh Towns, Andrew Roche, Arshed Nazmi, Michelle Doran, John P. Lowry and Colm Cunningham
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:43
  17. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a leading cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and resulted from a loss of the FMR1-encoded fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMRP) protein due to large CGG repeat expansions...

    Authors: Shanshan Zhao, Xiangyu Jiang, Linkun Han, Yiru Jiang, Yong Wang, Jian Meng, Xiang Zhu, Xian Zhang, Hong Luo and Yun-wu Zhang
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:42
  18. There has been increasing evidence for atypical white matter (WM) microstructure in autistic people, but findings have been divergent. The development of autistic people in early childhood is clouded by the co...

    Authors: Xinyue Huang, Yating Ming, Weixing Zhao, Rui Feng, Yuanyue Zhou, Lijie Wu, Jia Wang, Jinming Xiao, Lei Li, Xiaolong Shan, Jing Cao, Xiaodong Kang, Huafu Chen and Xujun Duan
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:41
  19. Rett syndrome (RS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mutations in the MECP2 gene. Patients with RS have severe motor abnormalities and are often unable to walk, use hands and speak. The prese...

    Authors: Daria Kostanian, Anna Rebreikina, Victoria Voinova and Olga Sysoeva
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:40
  20. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an inherited neurocutaneous disorder caused by mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, with patients often exhibiting neurodevelopmental (ND) manifestations termed TSC-associated ...

    Authors: Inci S. Aksoylu, Pauline Martin, Francis Robert, Krzysztof J. Szkop, Nicholas E. Redmond, Srirupa Bhattacharyya, Jennifer Wang, Shan Chen, Roberta L. Beauchamp, Irene Nobeli, Jerry Pelletier, Ola Larsson and Vijaya Ramesh
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:39
  21. Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) is an impairing sensory processing challenge in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) which shows heterogenous developmental trajectories and appears to improve into adulthood in some ...

    Authors: Melis E. Cakar, Kaitlin K. Cummings, Susan Y. Bookheimer, Mirella Dapretto and Shulamite A. Green
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:38
  22. Many studies have reported that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with atypical structural and functional connectivity. However, we know relatively little about the development of these differences ...

    Authors: Christian O’Reilly, Scott Huberty, Stefon van Noordt, James Desjardins, Nicky Wright, Julie Scorah, Sara Jane Webb and Mayada Elsabbagh
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:37
  23. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental conditions accompanied by differences in brain development. Neuroanatomical differences in autism are variable across individuals and likely underpin dist...

    Authors: Lisa M. Berg, Caroline Gurr, Johanna Leyhausen, Hanna Seelemeyer, Anke Bletsch, Tim Schaefer, Charlotte M. Pretzsch, Bethany Oakley, Eva Loth, Dorothea L. Floris, Jan K. Buitelaar, Christian F. Beckmann, Tobias Banaschewski, Tony Charman, Emily J. H. Jones, Julian Tillmann…
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:36
  24. The poorer physical health of autistic adults compared to non-autistic adults has been highlighted by several epidemiological studies. However, research has so far been limited to specific geographical areas a...

    Authors: John H. Ward, Elizabeth Weir, Carrie Allison and Simon Baron-Cohen
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:35
  25. Many children and young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display touch defensiveness or avoidance (hypersensitivity), or engage in sensory seeking by touching people or objects (hyposensitivity). Abn...

    Authors: Xue Li, Shishuai Hao, Shimin Zou, Xiaomeng Tu, Weixi Kong, Tian Jiang and Jie-Guang Chen
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:34
  26. Neuroimaging analyses of brain structure and function in autism have typically been conducted in isolation, missing the sensitivity gains of linking data across modalities. Here we focus on the integration of ...

    Authors: Lennart M. Oblong, Alberto Llera, Ting Mei, Koen Haak, Christina Isakoglou, Dorothea L. Floris, Sarah Durston, Carolin Moessnang, Tobias Banaschewski, Simon Baron-Cohen, Eva Loth, Flavio Dell’Acqua, Tony Charman, Declan G. M. Murphy, Christine Ecker, Jan K. Buitelaar…
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:32
  27. Differences in responding to sensory stimuli, including sensory hyperreactivity (HYPER), hyporeactivity (HYPO), and sensory seeking (SEEK) have been observed in autistic individuals across sensory modalities, ...

    Authors: Zachary J. Williams, Roseann Schaaf, Karla K. Ausderau, Grace T. Baranek, D. Jonah Barrett, Carissa J. Cascio, Rachel L. Dumont, Ekomobong E. Eyoh, Michelle D. Failla, Jacob I. Feldman, Jennifer H. Foss-Feig, Heather L. Green, Shulamite A. Green, Jason L. He, Elizabeth A. Kaplan-Kahn, Bahar Keçeli-Kaysılı…
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:31
  28. Prenatal exposure to maternal metabolic conditions associated with inflammation and steroid dysregulation has previously been linked to increased autism risk. Steroid-related maternal serum biomarkers have als...

    Authors: Deborah A. Bilder, Whitney Worsham, Scott Sullivan, M. Sean Esplin, Paul Burghardt, Alison Fraser and Amanda V. Bakian
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:30
  29. Deletion of exon 2 of the trimethyllysine hydroxylase epsilon (TMLHE) gene was identified in probands with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). TMLHE encodes the first enzyme in carnitine biosynthesis, N6-trimethyllys...

    Authors: Edgars Liepinsh, Baiba Svalbe, Gundega Stelfa, Solveiga Grinberga, Liga Zvejniece, Helgi B. Schiöth and Maija Dambrova
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:29
  30. Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autistic-like behaviors and is primarily caused by haploinsufficiency of SHANK...

    Authors: Jessica Pagano, Silvia Landi, Alessia Stefanoni, Gabriele Nardi, Marica Albanesi, Helen F. Bauer, Enrico Pracucci, Michael Schön, Gian Michele Ratto, Tobias M. Boeckers, Carlo Sala and Chiara Verpelli
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:28
  31. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heritable condition related to brain development that affects a person’s perception and socialization with others. Here, we examined variability in the brain morphology in A...

    Authors: Yingying Xie, Jie Sun, Weiqi Man, Zhang Zhang and Ningnannan Zhang
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:27
  32. Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is a rare condition diagnosed in children with two or more of the following: hypopituitarism, midline brain abnormalities, and optic nerve hypoplasia. Children with SOD experience v...

    Authors: Amy Mann, Arameh Aghababaie, Jennifer Kalitsi, Daniel Martins, Yannis Paloyelis and Ritika R. Kapoor
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:26
  33. Quantitative autistic traits are common, heritable, and continuously distributed across the general human population. Patterns of autistic traits within families suggest that more complex mechanisms than simpl...

    Authors: Joseph P. Garner, Catherine F. Talbot, Laura A. Del Rosso, Brenda McCowan, Sreetharan Kanthaswamy, David Haig, John P. Capitanio and Karen J. Parker
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:25
  34. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental diseases whose genetic etiology is not completely understood. Several investigations have relied on transcriptome analysis fro...

    Authors: Giovanni Spirito, Michele Filosi, Enrico Domenici, Damiano Mangoni, Stefano Gustincich and Remo Sanges
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:22
  35. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) patients experience disturbed nociception in the form of either hyposensitivity to pain or allodynia. A substantial amount of processing of somatosensory and nociceptive stimulu...

    Authors: Florian Olde Heuvel, Najwa Ouali Alami, Oumayma Aousji, Esther Pogatzki-Zahn, Peter K. Zahn, Hanna Wilhelm, Dhruva Deshpande, Elmira Khatamsaz, Alberto Catanese, Sarah Woelfle, Michael Schön, Sanjay Jain, Stefanie Grabrucker, Albert C. Ludolph, Chiara Verpelli, Jens Michaelis…
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:21
  36. Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are heterogeneous conditions due to alterations of a variety of molecular mechanisms and cell dysfunctions. SETD5 haploinsufficiency leads to NDDs due to chromatin defects. Epi...

    Authors: Mattia Zaghi, Fabiana Longo, Luca Massimino, Alicia Rubio, Simone Bido, Pietro Giuseppe Mazzara, Edoardo Bellini, Federica Banfi, Paola Podini, Francesca Maltecca, Alessio Zippo, Vania Broccoli and Alessandro Sessa
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:20
  37. Genomic conditions can be associated with developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and physical and mental health symptoms. They are individually rare and highly variable in pres...

    Authors: Nicholas Donnelly, Adam Cunningham, Sergio Marco Salas, Matthew Bracher-Smith, Samuel Chawner, Jan Stochl, Tamsin Ford, F. Lucy Raymond, Valentina Escott-Price and Marianne B. M. van den Bree
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:19
  38. The cerebellum contains more than 50% of all neurons in the brain and is involved in a broad range of cognitive functions, including social communication and social cognition. Inconsistent atypicalities in the...

    Authors: Yannis Elandaloussi, Dorothea L. Floris, Pierrick Coupé, Edouard Duchesnay, Angeline Mihailov, Antoine Grigis, Indrit Bègue, Julie Victor, Vincent Frouin, Marion Leboyer, Josselin Houenou and Charles Laidi
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:18

    The Correction to this article has been published in Molecular Autism 2023 14:24

  39. Autism spectrum condition and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with a range of physical health conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the etiological components contribu...

    Authors: Pei-Yin Pan, Mark J. Taylor, Henrik Larsson, Catarina Almqvist, Paul Lichtenstein, Sebastian Lundström and Sven Bölte
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:17
  40. Intranasal administration of oxytocin is increasingly explored as a new approach to facilitate social development and reduce disability associated with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The effica...

    Authors: Nicky Daniels, Matthijs Moerkerke, Jean Steyaert, Annelies Bamps, Edward Debbaut, Jellina Prinsen, Tiffany Tang, Stephanie Van der Donck, Bart Boets and Kaat Alaerts
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:16
  41. Individuals on the autism spectrum have been long described to process sensory information differently than neurotypical individuals. While much effort has been leveraged towards characterizing and investigati...

    Authors: Jason L. He, Zachary J. Williams, Ashley Harris, Helen Powell, Roseann Schaaf, Teresa Tavassoli and Nicolaas A. J. Puts
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:15
  42. Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited intellectual disability, is caused by the loss of expression of the Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP). FMRP is an RNA-binding protein that negativ...

    Authors: Ricardo Martín, Alberto Samuel Suárez-Pinilla, Nuria García-Font, M. Luisa Laguna-Luque, Juan C. López-Ramos, María Jesús Oset-Gasque, Agnes Gruart, José M. Delgado-García, Magdalena Torres and José Sánchez-Prieto
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:14
  43. Autistic girls are underdiagnosed compared to autistic boys, even when they experience similar clinical impact. Research suggests that girls present with distinct symptom profiles across a variety of domains, ...

    Authors: Sunghye Cho, Meredith Cola, Azia Knox, Maggie Rose Pelella, Alison Russell, Aili Hauptmann, Maxine Covello, Christopher Cieri, Mark Liberman, Robert T. Schultz and Julia Parish-Morris
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:13
  44. Suicidality is highly prevalent in autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disabilities, and high autistic traits are found in adults who have attempted suicide. However, prevalence rates for both au...

    Authors: Victoria Newell, Lucy Phillips, Chris Jones, Ellen Townsend, Caroline Richards and Sarah Cassidy
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:12
  45. Social and language abilities are closely intertwined during early typical development. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, deficits in social and language development are early-age core symptoms. We p...

    Authors: Yaqiong Xiao, Teresa H. Wen, Lauren Kupis, Lisa T. Eyler, Vani Taluja, Jaden Troxel, Disha Goel, Michael V. Lombardo, Karen Pierce and Eric Courchesne
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:11
  46. Autism was formally recognized by the medical community in the first half of the twentieth century. Almost 100 years later, a small but growing literature has reported sex differences in the behavioral express...

    Authors: Hunter Mattern, Meredith Cola, Kimberly G. Tena, Azia Knox, Alison Russell, Maggie Rose Pelella, Aili Hauptmann, Maxine Covello, Julia Parish-Morris and Joseph P. McCleery
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:10
  47. Autistic children have been shown to have less complete definitions of friendships and higher levels of loneliness than their non-autistic peers. However, no known studies have explored sex differences in auti...

    Authors: Natalie Libster, Azia Knox, Selin Engin, Daniel Geschwind, Julia Parish-Morris and Connie Kasari
    Citation: Molecular Autism 2023 14:9

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