Model | Description | Fit indices | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | AIC | BIC | SSABIC | RMSEA | CFI | TLI | χ 2 | Δχ 2 ( df ) | |
One-factor models EQ items (Allison et al., 2011[36]) | |||||||||
1 | 1f control group (n = 232) | 13,673.951 | 13,942.797 | 13,695.578 | 0.090 | 0.673 | 0.644 | 865.2a | Â |
2 | 1f parent group (n = 439) | 25,650.600 | 25,969.013 | 25,721.480 | 0.083 | 0.833 | 0.818 | 1,193.9a | Â |
3 | 1f autism group (n = 363) | 22,451.458 | 22,755.222 | 22,507.762 | 0.087 | 0.748 | 0.726 | 1,123.5a | Â |
Three-factor models EQ items (Lawrence et al., 2004[34]) | |||||||||
4 | 3f control group (n = 232) | 14,020.059 | 14,319.925 | 14,044.181 | 0.078 | 0.781 | 0.761 | 833.2a | Â |
5 | 3f parent group (n = 439) | 26,186.672 | 26,541.825 | 26,265.731 | 0.071 | 0.883 | 0.873 | 1,114.3a | Â |
6 | 3f autism group (n = 363) | 23,768.627 | 24,107.440 | 23,831.427 | 0.080 | 0.802 | 0.785 | 1,163.0a | Â |
Three-factor models EQ items (Muncer et al., 2006[35]) | |||||||||
7 | 3f control group (n = 232) | 7,731.634 | 7,897.077 | 7,744.943 | 0.048 | 0.942 | 0.930 | 132.7a | Â |
8 | 3f parent group (n = 439) | 14,798.686 | 14,994.632 | 14,842.304 | 0.060 | 0.950 | 0.939 | 222.0a | Â |
9 | 3f autism group (n = 363) | 13,040.850 | 13,227.781 | 13,075.499 | 0.055 | 0.932 | 0.918 | 184.3a | Â |
Three-factor multigroup models EQ items (Muncer et al., 2006[35]) | |||||||||
10 | 3f multigroup all estimates vary (n = 1,034) | 35,574.089 | 36,166.916 | 35,785.782 | 0.056 | 0.938 | 0.931 | 589.9a | Â |
11 | 3f multigroup equal factor loadings (n = 1,034) | 35,628.149 | 36,072.769 | 35,786.918 | 0.060 | 0.921 | 0.921 | 703.9a | 114.1 (30) P <0.001 |
Three-factor model of cognitive empathy (EQ subscale, Eyes and KDEF), emotional empathy (EQ subscale) and social skills (EQ subscale and AQ_soc) | |||||||||
12 | 3f control group (n = 232) | 8,331.507 | 8,527.971 | 8,347.312 | 0.044 | 0.945 | 0.936 | 1,202.4a | Â |
13 | 3f parent group (n = 439) | 16,721.291 | 16,954.108 | 16,773.218 | 0.055 | 0.947 | 0.938 | 3,463.6a | Â |
14 | 3f autism group (n = 363) | 19,949.121 | 20,171.102 | 19,990.266 | 0.067 | 0.894 | 0.877 | 2,162.7a | Â |
Four-factor model of cognitive empathy (EQ subscale), emotional empathy (EQ subscale) social skills (EQ subscale and AQ_soc) and performance-based empathy (Eyes and KDEF) | |||||||||
15 | 4f control group (n = 232) | 8,323.897 | 8,530.701 | 8,340.533 | 0.040 | 0.955 | 0.946 | 176.4a | Â |
16 | 4f parent group (n = 439) | 16,712.141 | 16,957.074 | 16,766.664 | 0.055 | 0.949 | 0.939 | 298.8a | Â |
17 | 4f autism group (n = 363) | 15,687.606 | 15,921.270 | 15,730.916 | 0.053 | 0.934 | 0.922 | 262.5a | Â |
Four-factor multigroup models of cognitive empathy (EQ subscale), emotional empathy (EQ subscale) social skills (EQ subscale and AQ_soc) and performance-based empathy (Eyes and KDEF) | |||||||||
18 | 4f multigroup all estimates vary (n = 1,034) | 40,743.301 | 41,494.361 | 41,011.591 | 0.052 | 0.938 | 0.932 | 808.0a | Â |
19 | 4f multigroup equal factor loadings (n = 1,034) | 40,894.787 | 41,467.965 | 41,099.535 | 0.061 | 0.909 | 0.907 | 1,031.5a | 223.5 (36) P <0.001 |
Four factor multigroup models specifying sex effects (6 groups) | |||||||||
20 | 4f multigroup all estimates vary (n = 1,034) | 40,757.204 | 42,190.149 | 41,269.074 | 0.058 | 0.923 | 0.916 | 1,332.5a | Â |
21 | 4f multigroup equal factor loadings and equal variance estimates (n = 1,034) | 40,873.332 | 41,861.570 | 41,226.345 | 0.066 | 0.891 | 0.893 | 1,628.6a | 296.1 (90) P <0.001 |
22 | 4f multigroup equal factor loadings and free variance (n = 1,034) | 40,745.441 | 41,832.503 | 41,133.757 | 0.059 | 0.914 | 0.914 | 1,460.7a | 128.2 (70) P <0.001 |