Fig. 3

Comorbidities often associated with ASD. A Representative figures of the zones in the open field arena and the distance travelled by Sal-WT, Sal-KO and Pol-KO. Total distance travelled (cm) in the open field arena. G ****p < 0.0005, Sal-KO vs the following: Sal-WT *p = 0.0200 and Sal-Het #p = 0.0950. Pol-KO vs the following: Pol-WT **p = 0.0020 and Pol-Het *p = 0.0400. B Number of entries into the center zone of the open field. G **p = 0.0010, Sal-WT vs the following: Sal-Het *p = 0.0350 and Sal-KO *p = 0.0190. Pol-WT vs Pol-KO *p = 0.0140. C Representative pictures of the marble burying test—before and after for Sal-WT, Sal-KO and Pol-KO. Percentage of marbles buried. G ****p < 0.0005, Sal-KO vs the following: Sal-Het **p = 0.0050 and Sal-WT ****p < 0.0005. Pol-KO vs the following: Pol-Het ****p < 0.0005 and Pol-WT ****p < 0.0005. D End speed (rpm) during the Rotarod test. G:T ns, time ****p < 0.0001, G ****p < 0.0001 and T ****p < 0.0001, Sal-WT vs Pol-WT **p = 0.0049. Sal-WT vs the following: Sal-KO ****p < 0.0001 and Pol-KO ****p < 0.0001. Sal-WT (WT dams) n = 12, Pol-WT (WT dams) n = 8, Sal-WT (Het dams) n = 10, Sal-Het n = 8, Sal-KO n = 11, Pol-WT (Het dams) n = 10, Pol-Het n = 6, Pol-KO n = 12. A–C Sal-WT (WT dams) n = 12, Pol-WT (WT dams) n = 8, Sal-WT (Het dams) n = 10, Sal-Het n = 10, Sal-KO n = 11, Pol-WT (Het dams) n = 10, Pol-Het n = 12, Pol-KO n = 12. A–D Data were tested for normality with the Shapiro–Wilk test. Rotarod data were analyzed by a linear mixed model analysis with repeated measures followed by a Tukey–Kramer correction for multiple comparisons and all other data by two-way ANCOVA followed by a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Significance level was set to 0.05 (# < 0.10, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). Mean ± SEM. G Genotype of the offspring; T Treatment of the mother; G:T interaction between the two factors; CV covariate “Genotype of the mother”; and ns not significant