Fig. 4
From: Infants later diagnosed with autism have lower canonical babbling ratios in the first year of life
Canonical babbling ratios (CBRs) at 12 months by likelihood, diagnostic, and language delay grouping. High-likelihood infants with language delay but not autism (HR-Neg-LD) were not distinguished from high-likelihood infants with autism but not language delay (HR-ASD-No). High-likelihood infants with neither autism nor language delay (HR-Neg-No) and low-likelihood (LR) infants had higher CBR than HR-ASD-No infants. Asterisks indicate significance in Tukey-corrected pairwise comparisons from a GLM controlling for site, sex, and maternal education, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001