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Fig. 5 | Molecular Autism

Fig. 5

From: Myt1l haploinsufficiency leads to obesity and multifaceted behavioral alterations in mice

Fig. 5

Effects of Myt1l haploinsufficiency on the emission of isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations in the homing test. A, B Emission of isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations is altered in Myt1l+/- mouse pups. Representative spectrograms showing sequences of isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations (A: Myt1l+/+ littermate control, B: Myt1l+/- mouse pup). Please note the higher peak frequency that is characteristic for many isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations emitted by Myt1l+/- mouse pups. C Total calling time is unchanged in Myt1l+/- mouse pups. ANOVA with the between-subject factors genotype (G) and sex (S); all p > 0.050. D Call number is not altered in Myt1l+/- mouse pups. ANOVA with the between-subject factors genotype (G) and sex (S); all p > 0.050. E Number of calls in the low-frequency cluster is not affected by Myt1l haploinsufficiency. ANOVA with the between-subject factors genotype (G) and sex (S); all p > 0.050. F Number of calls in the high-frequency cluster is increased in Myt1l+/- mouse pups. ANOVA with the between-subject factors genotype (G) and sex (S): G: F1,52 = 5.760; p = .020; all other p > 0.050. G–L Density plots depicting the distribution of individual isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations in Myt1l+/+ littermate controls (G-I; ~ 20,000 calls) and Myt1l+/- mouse pups (J-L; ~ 30,000 calls). Color coding reflects frequencies as percentages. All data are means ± SEM, combined across males and females; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

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