From: Prediction learning in adults with autism and its molecular correlates
 | Occipital VOI (OCC) | Inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NT | ASD | p | NT | ASD | p | |
Number of MRS datasets | Â | |||||
GABA+ | 24 | 25 | na | 22 | 24 | na |
Glx | 20 | 22 | na | 15 | 16 | na |
GSH | 26 | 26 | na | 20 | 23 | na |
Fit error (%) | Â | |||||
GABA+ | 6.4 (± 2.8) | 8.2 (± 2.8) | * | 7.5 (± 2.0) | 6.8 (± 1.5) | ns |
Glx | 3.9 (± 0.8) | 4.4 (± 1.1) | ns | 5.3 (± 1.3) | 5.0 (± 1.1) | ns |
GSH | 7.3 (± 2.0) | 8.3 (± 2.6) | ns | 14.5 (± 6.3) | 10.9 (± 4.2) | * |
Signal to noise ratio | ||||||
GABA+ | 13.0 (± 3.8) | 11.5 (± 3.3) | ns | 12.9 (± 2.3) | 11.9 (± 2.1) | ns |
Glx | 19.9 (± 4.5) | 21.2 (± 6.1) | ns | 17.6 (± 4.7) | 16.6 (± 4.0) | ns |
GSH | 10.1 (± 1.9) | 9.8 (± 1.8) | ns | 9.0 (± 1.8) | 8.6 (± 1.3) | ns |
Water drift | 0.03 (± 0.01) | 0.03 (± 0.01) | ns | 0.02 (± 0.00) | 0.02 (± 0.00) | ns |
Full-width at half-maximum | ||||||
GABA+ | 21.9 (± 2.7) | 22.5 (± 2.5) | ns | 20.7 (± 2.1) | 21.0 (± 2.2) | ns |
Glx | 14.2 (± 2.6) | 13.6 (± 2.0) | ns | 15.8 (± 3.8) | 17.2 (± 5.2) | ns |
GSH | 8.7 (± 1.0) | 8.9 (± 0.9) | ns | 10.5 (± 2.7) | 11.1 (± 2.5) | ns |
Tissue fractions | Â | |||||
Grey matter | 65% (± 4) | 66% (± 3) | ns | 54% (± 5) | 54% (± 4) | ns |
White matter | 25% (± 3) | 24% (± 3) | ns | 38% (± 6) | 38% (± 5) | ns |
Cerebrospinal fluid | 10% (± 2) | 10% (± 3) | ns | 8% (± 3) | 8% (± 3) | ns |
Concentrations | ||||||
GABA + (i.u.) | 2.94 (± 0.72) | 2.75 (± 0.61) | ns | 2.85 (± 0.53) | 2.83 (± 0.61) | ns |
Glx (i.u.) | 9.08 (± 2.90) | 9.35 (± 2.60) | ns | 8.12 (± 1.43) | 9.90 (± 3.14) | * |
GSH (i.u.) | 0.93 (± 0.17) | 0.92 (± 0.23) | ns | 1.13 (± 0.40) | 1.16 (± 0.36) | ns |
Glx/GABA + ratio | 3.75 (± 2.44) | 3.73 (± 1.52) | ns | 2.91 (± 0.68) | 3.59 (± 1.50) | ns |