Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging reveals white matter microstructural alterations in adults with autism

Table 3 Comparison of tract-based spatial statistics analysis of DTI and NODDI measures in participants

Modality	Contrast	Significant voxels	Anatomical region	Mean (range) T-value	Peak MNI coordinates (X, Y, Z)
DTI
FA	Autism < TD	4229	Bilateral ACR, SCR; Left ATR, CST, IFOF, UF, PCR; Forceps minor, genu, body, and splenium of CC	1.88 (1.07−6.09)	108, 120, 106
MD	Autism > TD	17,006	Bilateral ATR, CST, IFOF, ILF, SLF, UF, ALIC, PLIC, retrolenticular part of IC, ACR, SCR, PCR, PTR, sagittal stratum, and SFOF; Left-CCG and CgH; Right-external capsule; Forceps major and minor, genu, body, and splenium of CC, and fornix	1.61 (0.81–5.39)	48, 107, 107
RD	Autism > TD	20,728	Bilateral ATR, CST, CCG, IFOF, ILF, SLF, UF, ALIC, PLIC, retrolenticular part of IC, ACR, SCR, PCR, PTR, sagittal stratum, external capsule, and SFOF; Left-CgH; Right SLF temporal part; Forceps major and minor, genu, body, and splenium of CC, and fornix	1.61 (0.81−6.27)	144, 94, 102
NODDI
NDI	Autism < TD	4110	Bilateral IFOF, UF, and external capsule; Left ATR, ALIC, and ACR; Right CST, ILF, SLF, retrolenticular part of IC, SLF temporal part, SCR, PCR, and PTR; Forceps major and minor, genu and body of CC	1.92 (1.07−4.84)	109, 168, 94
ISOVF	Autism > TD	2472	Left IFOF, ILF, SLF, UF, PLIC, retrolenticular part of IC, SCR, PCR, and PTR; Right-sagittal stratum; Forceps major, body, and splenium of CC	1.77 (1.04 − 4.74)	119, 101, 80

ACR, anterior corona radiata; ALIC, anterior limb of internal capsule; ATR, anterior thalamic, radiation; CCG, cingulum cingulate gyrus; CgH, cingulum hippocampus; CP, cerebral peduncle; CST, corticospinal tract; DTI, diffusion tensor imaging; FA, fractional anisotropy; IC, internal capsule; IFOF, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus; ILF, inferior longitudinal fasciculus; ISOVF, isotropic volume fraction; MD, mean diffusivity; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute; NDI, neurite density index; NODDI, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging; PCR, posterior corona radiata; PLIC, posterior limb of internal capsule; PTR, posterior thalamic radiation; RD, radial diffusivity; SCR, superior corona radiata; SFOF, superior fronto-occipital fasciculus; SLF, superior longitudinal fasciculus; UF, uncinate fasciculus; TD, typically developing subjects

ISSN: 2040-2392