Table 3 Biomarkers and exposures measured in the EMA Study, by study phase and time point

Immune-related factors

Cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-1B, INF-γ, TNF-a)^a

X

X

X

X

Chemokines (IL-8, IL-12, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES, GM-CSF, Eotaxin)^a

X

X

X

X

C-reactive protein (CRP)

X

X

Antibodies to Infectious Agents (CMV-IgG, EBV-IgG, HHV-6-IgG, HSV-1, HSV-2, Influenza A, Influenza B, VZV, Toxo-IgG, Toxo-IgA, Toxo-IgM)

X (Toxo only)

X

Autoantibodies to fetal brain protein

X

X

Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE)

X

X (no IgE)

Additional endogenous factors

Hormones (TSH, SHBG, bioactive androgen)

X

X (TSH only)

X (TSH only)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)

X

X

25(OH)D

X

X

Environmental chemicals

EDCs including:

PBDEs (6 of 10 congeners sufficiently detected^b: BB153, BDEs-28, -47, -99, -100, and -15)

PCBs (11 of 37 congeners sufficiently detected: 28, 99, 118, 138/158, 153, 170, 180, 187, 194, 196/203, 199)

OCPs (2 of 11 pesticides sufficiently detected^b: trans-nonachlor, p,p’-DDE)

PFAS (8 measured: Et-PFOSA-AcOH, Me-PFOSA-AcOH, PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFOS sufficiently detected^b; PFDeA and PFOSA examined as binary detect/non-detect variables)

X

Mercury

X

X

Prenatal air pollution exposure: PM_2.5, PM₁₀, O₃, NO₂

X

Genetic factors

Candidate genes (HERV-K, BDNF, CD48, ApoE, Ltabtnf1, Apobec3g, OAS1, IL-1α (889), IL-1β (511), IL-6 (174), IFN-γ, IL-10 (1082, 592, 819)

X

X

GWAS

X

X

CNVs

X