Fig. 1

Autistic-like behaviors, enhanced learning/memory and attenuated susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) in Gabra4^−/− mice. a Both WT and Gabra4^−/− mice showed significant preference for stranger mice over objects (***p < 0.0001, **p = 0.0147. n = 16 for WT, and n = 8 for Gabra4^−/− mice, Student’s t test). b WT mice showed significant preference to novel mice over familiar mice (*p = 0.0042. n = 16 for WT, Student’s t test), but Gabra4^−/− mice did not show such preference (ns, n = 8, Student’s t test). c Compared to WT mice, Gabra4^−/− mice stayed the same time in both closed and open arms during the 5-min elevated plus maze test (n = 9 for WT, and n = 8 for Gabra4^−/− mice, ns no significance, Student’s t test). dGabra4^−/− mice spent more time to self-grooming than WT (*p = 0.0326, n = 10 for WT, and n = 9 for Gabra4^−/− mice, Student’s t test). eGabra4^−/− mice showed increased spontaneous alternation during Y maze test (*p = 0.0187, n = 12 for WT, and n = 9 for Gabra4^−/− mice, Student’s t test). f Escape latency of Gabra4^−/− mice in the Morris water maze (***p < 0.0001, n = 12 for WT mice, n = 16 for Gabra4^−/− mice. Two-way ANOVA test). g Number of platform crossings during probe trial in Morris water maze (**p = 0.0013, n = 12 for WT mice, n = 16 for Gabra4^−/− mice, Student’s t test). h Susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol in mice (In the test for 60 mg/kg PTZ, p = 0.0114, two-way ANOVA test)