Fig. 3

MSC-exo ameliorates the social interaction and communication autistic domains of Shank3B KO mice. a Male-to-male social interaction was significantly improved in the MSC-exo-treated Shank3B KO mice, compared with their saline-treated littermates. b Repetitive behaviors of grooming and digging were significantly reduced in the MSC-exo-treated Shank3B KO mice compared with their saline-treated littermates. c Though not statistically significant, MSC-exo-treated Shank3B KO mice presented more UVs compared to their saline-treated littermates. Interestingly, while all WT mice were vocalizing, only 10% of the saline-treated mice and 40% of the MSC-exo-treated mice were vocalizing. d Representation of the spectrogram of the vocalizations of each group. One-way ANOVA followed with Bonferroni correction was done for behavioral and vocal tests analysis. Pie charts represent the percentages of vocalizing vs non-vocalizing mice in each group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and scatterplot. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001