From: Cerebral organoids as tools to identify the developmental roots of autism
Disorder | Mutation | Organoid type | Time-point(s) analyzed | Cellular phenotype identified | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Microcephaly | CDK5RAP2+/− | Cerebral | 30 days | Imbalance of symmetrical/asymmetrical division | [78] |
ASD | Idiopathic | Cerebral | 44 days | FOXG1 overexpressed in ASD | [89] |
ASD | CDH8+/− | Cerebral | 50 days | Dysregulation of neurogenesis associated genes | [149] |
Miller-Dieker syndrome | 17p13.3 del | Cerebral | 45 days | Reduced migration | [6] |
Timothy syndrome | CACNA1C, GoF | Forebrain assembloid | 80 days | Migration and depolarization defects | [9] |
Angelman syndrome | UBE3A−/− | Cortical | 120-150 days | Hyperexcitability and synchronous firing | [139] |
Schizophrenia, autism | DISC1+/− | Cortical sliced | 120 days | Lamination defects | [120] |