Persistence and predictors of self-injurious behaviour in autism: a ten-year prospective cohort study

Table 8 Effect sizes for cross-sectional and longitudinal behavioural risk markers of self-injury over ten years

	Cross-sectional effect sizes: significant differences between absent/present SIB			Longitudinal effect sizes: significant difference between absent/persistent SIB
Risk markers	Time 1¹ N = 149	Time 2² N = 67	Time 3 N = 67	T₁–T₂ 3 years N = 67	T₂–T₃ 7 years N = 46	T₁–T₃ 10 years N = 67
Mood Interest and Pleasure Questionnaire
Mood	O	O	O	O	O	O
Interest and pleasure	O	O	O	O	O	O
The Activity Questionnaire
Impulsivity	+	++	++	++	++	+++
Overactivity	+	++	++	O	++	++
Impulsive speech	+	O	O	O	++	O
The Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire
Compulsive behaviour	O	++	O	O	O	O
Insistence on sameness	O	O	++	O	++	O
Stereotyped behaviour	O	+	O	O	O	O
The Social Communication Questionnaire
Communication	O	O	O	O	O	O
Social interaction	O	++	O	++	++	O
Repetitive behaviour	O	++	++	O	++	O

Effect sizes are R interpreted with Cohens D (‘O’, none, ‘+’, small, ‘++’, medium, ‘+++’, large)
1[8]
2[23]

ISSN: 2040-2392