Fig. 2

Behavioral flexibility and inhibitory control impairments in probands and parents based on BAP status. Among probands of BAP+ parents, PRL error rate, SST error rate, and SST reaction time slowing were significantly worse than controls. PRL error rate also was significantly increased between probands of BAP+ parents and probands of BAP− parents (top). Among BAP+ parents, PRL error rate and SST error rate were significantly greater than controls. Among BAP− parents, SST error rate also was significantly greater than controls (bottom). Negative Z-scores denote worse performance (e.g., higher error rate or reduced slowing). Error bars represent standard error. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. PRL, probabilistic reversal learning; SST, stop-signal task; RT, reaction time; BAP+, presence of broad autism phenotype features; BAP−, absence of broad autism phenotype features