Fig. 3

Affective responses to social (positive and negative) and non-social touch stimuli. The boxplots show each group’s valence (a) and arousal ratings (b) across conditions. The black lines inside each box indicate group medians, and the bottom and top border edges indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles. Data points from individual participants are marked as black circles. The red asterisks indicate statistical significance at *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001