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Fig. 3 | Molecular Autism

Fig. 3

From: The role of ubiquitin ligase E3A in polarized contact guidance and rescue strategies in UBE3A-deficient hippocampal neurons

Fig. 3

Representative confocal images of growth cones in WT (a) and AS (b) HNs. Neurons were cultured on GRs and immunostained for tubulin (green), actin fibers (red), and nuclei (blue). The underlying GR pattern is reported as insets; all scale bars = 50 μm. c–e Growth cones were traced and analyzed by ImageJ: the alignment of their main axis (F) was used to measure their alignment to GR pattern. GCs were categorized in // GCs (if the alignment angle vs. GRs ≤ 30°) or ┴ GCs (if the alignment angle vs. GRs ≥ 60°), as shown in d). WT and AS HNs were also cultured on flat substrates and they showed the same random orientation, as expected (therefore they were pooled together). f % of GCs aligned (//) to GRs (alignment angle ≤ 30° in respect to the GR direction); g % of GCs perpendicular (┴) to GRs (alignment angle ≥ 60° and ≤ 90°); h Actin fiber intensity in GCs is reported as the ratio of the actin fiber fluorescent signal in aligned GCs/perpendicular GCs (in a.u.). *P < 0.05 WT vs. Flat, Bonferroni’s test; n ≥ 3, at least 35 GCs/sample analyzed

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