Table 1 Functional roles of NSSI
Functional role of NSSI | Example answers to the question ‘I hurt myself …’ |
|---|---|
Affective imbalance-low pressure (4 items) | ‘… to feel something.’ ‘… to change my emotional pain into something physical.’ |
Affective imbalance-high pressure (3 items) | ‘… to relieve stress or pressure.’ ‘… to deal with frustration.’ |
Social communication and expression (3 items) | ‘… in hopes that someone would notice that something is wrong or that so others will pay attention to me.’ ‘… to shock or hurt someone.’ |
Self-retribution and deterrence (4 items) | ‘… as a self-punishment or to atone for sins.’ ‘… so I do not hurt myself in other ways.’ |
Sensation seeking (4 items) | ‘… because I get the urge and cannot stop it.’ ‘… to get a rush or surge of energy.’ |