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Table 2 Neuropsychological and psychiatric manifestations in individuals with FOXP1 syndrome

From: Prospective investigation of FOXP1 syndrome

Neuropsychological assessments

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

W1

W2

W3

W4

Total(%)/Average

Age (months)

71

200

133

138

96

191

134

118

117

133.1

ASD symptoms

 ASD on ADOS-2a

–

+

++

–

–

++

–

++

n/a

4/8 (50%)

 ADOS-2 Comparison Score

3

5

7

3

3

10

1

6

n/a

4.8

 ASD on ADI-R

+

+

+

–

–

+

–

–

–

4/9 (44%)

 Consensus diagnosis of ASD

–

–

–

–

–

+

–

+

n/a

2/8 (25%)

Cognitive functioning (SS)

 Nonverbal IQ

95

44

56

61

73

19

59

31

70

56.4

 Verbal IQ

92

44

51

59

58

15

40

24

74

50.8

 Full scale IQ

93

42

51

59

64

17

52

29

68

52.8

Adaptive behavior (SS)

 Vineland-II communication

81

59

69

67

74

42

61

57

67

64.1

 Vineland-II daily Living

64

47

58

58

78

38

52

62

66

58.1

 Vineland-II socialization

74

54

64

69

83

42

68

55

69

64.2

 Vineland-II composite

69

53

62

63

77

39

59

59

67

60.9

Language (AE in months)

 Expressive vocabularyb

55

78

94

95

59

n/a

81

35

n/a

71.0

 Receptive vocabularyc

56

69

75

93

54

44

81

29

n/a

62.6

 Vineland-II expressive

42

48

59

54

55

25

52

23

46

44.9

 Vineland-II receptive

41

35

47

47

30

34

26

34

30

36.0

Motor skills

 Visual-motor integration (SS)d

78

45

<45

45

70

n/a

47

<45

n/a

< 53.6

 Vineland-II gross motor (AE)

46

n/a

47

82

59

n/a

n/a

37

n/a

54.2

 Vineland-II fine motor (AE)

34

n/a

69

66

68

n/a

n/a

36

n/a

54.6

Psychiatric features

 Anxiety

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

–

+

8/9 (89%)

 Compulsive behaviors

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

9/9 (100%)

 Attention problems

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

9/9 (100%)

 Externalizing symptoms

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

9/9 (100%)

  1. aADOS-2 classification: + = autism spectrum; ++ = autism
  2. bExpressive vocabulary measured by the Expressive Vocabulary Test, 2nd Edition
  3. cReceptive vocabulary measured by the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, 4th Edition
  4. dVisual-motor integration measured by the Test of Visual-Motor Integration, 6th Edition
  5. ADI-R Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, ADOS-2 Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd Edition, AE age equivalents, SS standard score, n/a information not available