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Table 4 Summary of variation between sites in demographic and behavioural characteristics and level of ASD symptomatology for individuals with ASD only

From: The EU-AIMS Longitudinal European Autism Project (LEAP): clinical characterisation

 

Ranges across sites

Variance

Minimum

Maximum

Mean

SD

Overall mean (SD)

Within sites

Between sites

ICCa

x 2 sig. value

Chronological age [years:months]

6:07–19:8

24:5–30:6

14:8–25:0

3:2–6:3

16:7 (5:8)

29.87

9.91

.249

p < .0001

Sex, % of male participants

  

66.1–80.6

 

72.3 (4.48)

0.46

<.01

<.001b

n.s.c

Verbal IQ

45d–70

130–160

93–110

14–21

97 (19)

382.18

12.61

.031

p < .0001

Nonverbal IQ

45d–68

134–150

93–107

16–23

98 (21)

430.82

24.39

.054

p = .0001

Full-scale IQ

40d–73

128–148

96–105

12–22

98 (20)

373.45

16.35

.042

p = .001

ADI-R

 Social interaction

0–4

24–29

12–19

6–7

17 (7)

42.26

4.33

.093

p < .0001

 Communication

0–3

17–26

9–16

5–5

13 (6)

28.10

4.97

.150

p < .0001

 RRB

0–1

8–12

3–5

2–4

4 (3)

6.06

.85

.122

p < .0001

ADOS—CSS

 Total

1

10c

5–9

2–3

5 (3)

2.77

.35

<.001b

n.s.

 SA

1

10c

6–7

2–3

6 (3)

6.88

.11

.016

n.s.

 RRB

1

9–10

4–8

2–3

5 (3)

7.29

.60

.076

p < .0001

Sample sizee

22

159

72

54

     
  1. ICC intraclass correlation coefficient, ADI-R Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, ADOS CSS Total, SA, RRB Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Calibrated Severity Scores for Total, Social Affect and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviours, IQ intelligence quotient, n.s. not significant
  2. aThe ratio of between-site variance to total variance
  3. bICC truncated at zero
  4. cThe highest possible score (i.e. ceiling) on the instrument
  5. dThere are 3 individuals with a full-scale IQ <50 (All ASD)
  6. eSample size variation of individuals with ASD across sites (minimum/maximum, mean and standard deviation of number of participants with ASD recruited at sites)