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Table 1 Summary of contributing immunological factors in ASC

From: From molecules to neural morphology: understanding neuroinflammation in autism spectrum condition

Level of biological processes

Immunological factors involved

Genetic

IFN-γ, Toll-like receptors, T-cell receptor

Extracellular mediators

Maternal antibodies, cytokines and chemokines

Cell surface proteins

Human leukocyte antigen, Toll-like receptors

Intracellular signalling

mTOR, PTEN, NF-κB

Neural changes

Neuron density, glial proliferation