Increased midgestational IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-5 in women bearing a child with autism: A case-control study

Table 4 Pearson correlation coefficients of cytokines measured in maternal midpregnancy serum in the Early Markers for Autism study^a

Measurements	ASD (N= 84	ASD regression (N= 17)	Early-onset ASD (N= 64)	ASD with ID (N= 34)	ASD without ID (N= 30)	DD (N= 49)	GP (N= 159)
Cytokines elevated in ASD
IFN-γ and IL-4	0.95**	0.95**	0.81**	0.98**	0.97**	0.05	0.48**
IFN-γ and IL-5	0.73**	0.97**	0.55**	0.91**	0.87**	-0.07	0.38**
IL-4 and IL-5	0.72**	0.89**	0.83**	0.97**	0.82**	0.41**	0.77**
Cytokines elevated in DD
IL-2 and IL-4	0.87**	0.72**	0.62**	0.97**	0.78**	0.57**	0.43**
IL-2 and IL-6	0.02	0.34	0.18	-0.06	0.34	-0.15	0.24**
IL-4 and IL-6	0.15	0.46	0.34*	-0.09	0.42*	0.13	0.11

^aASD: autism spectrum disorder; ID: intellectual disability; DD: developmental delay; GP: general population. **P < 0.0001, *P < 0.05.

ISSN: 2040-2392