Table 1 Common functions of autism candidate genes identified by genome-wide association studies-noise reduction (GWAS-NR)
Gene ontology (GO) term | No. of genes | GO term identification | P-value1 | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cell adhesion | 76 | 0007155 | 6.29E-13 | CDH8, NCAM2 |
Biological adhesion | 76 | 0022610 | 6.64E-13 | CDH2, CTNNB1 |
Cell-cell adhesion | 35 | 0016337 | 6.24E-08 | CTNNA2, AMIGO2 |
Homophilic cell adhesion | 21 | 0007156 | 1.21E-06 | PTPRM, FAT1 |
Cell motion | 44 | 0006928 | 6.65E-06 | SEMA5A, FYN |
Neuron differentiation | 41 | 0030182 | 1.14E-05 | EN2, NRXN1 |
Enzyme linked receptor protein signalling pathway | 33 | 0007167 | 5.40E-05 | NCK2, FGFR2 |
Neuron development | 32 | 0048666 | 1.07E-04 | ROBO2, RTN4R |
Negative regulation of gene expression | 42 | 0010629 | 1.27E-04 | SIX3, CUX2 |
Axonogenesis | 22 | 0007409 | 1.31E-04 | SEMA6A, SLITRK5 |
Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation | 25 | 0000904 | 2.16E-04 | PRKCA, PTK2 |
Cell motility | 29 | 0048870 | 2.40E-04 | DNER, PPAP2B |
Localization of cell | 29 | 0051674 | 2.40E-04 | PTEN, NRP2 |
Negative regulation of transcription | 38 | 0016481 | 3.19E-04 | RBPJ, MEIS2 |
Cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation | 22 | 0048667 | 3.94E-04 | PARD3, KALRN |
Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signalling | 23 | 0007169 | 3.98E-04 | SOCS2, DOK5 |
Neuron projection development | 25 | 0031175 | 4.40E-04 | RTN4R, NGF |
Neuron projection morphogenesis | 22 | 0048812 | 5.07E-04 | PVRL1, CDH4 |
Regulation of cell projection organization | 13 | 0031344 | 5.33E-04 | SEMA4D, CDC42EP4 |
Negative regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide, and nucleic acid metabolic process | 40 | 0045934 | 6.79E-04 | BCL6, ZHX2 |