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Table 2 Results of univariate and adjusted unmatched analyses.

From: Paternal age increases the risk for autism in an Iranian population sample

   

Univariate analysis

Adjusted analysis

Variable

Cases

Cohort Comparisons

p -value

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

p -value

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1

Fathers' age

      

19-24

10

53497

.267

0.679 (0.343-1.344)

0.796

0.912 (0.453-1837)

25-29

47

170796

Ref.

   

30-34

57

167541

.282

1.236 (0.840-1.819)

0.832

1.046 (0.690-1.586)

35-39

38

95519

.091

1.446 (0.943-2.217)

0.167

1.435 (0.860-2.395)

=> 40

27

62001

.057

1.583 (0.986-2.541)

0.023

2.026 (1.100-3.728)

Mothers' age

      

13-19

7

43320

.189

0.587 (0.265-1.299)

0.442

0.727 (0.324-1.636)

20-24

47

170732

Ref.

   

25-29

63

167423

.105

1.367 (0.937-1.994)

0.528

1.143 (0.775-1.731)

30-34

43

108886

.087

1.435 (0.949-2.170)

0.699

1.108 (0.659-1861)

=> 35

19

58993

.564

1.170 (0.687-1.993)

0.636

0.846 (0.422-1.694)

Fathers' education*

      

Graduate

64

69656

Ref.

   

High school

53

153123

.000

. 323 (.224-. 464)

0.009

0.578 (0.383-0.873)

Primary/middle school

48

288446

.000

.155 (.107- .226)

0.004

0.462 (0.273-0782)

No education

14

48129

.000

.271 (.152- .483)

0.984

0.992 (0.430-2.289)

* Mothers' education

      

Graduate

55

40106

Ref.

   

High school

57

155404

.000

.267 (.185 - .387)

0

0.438 (0.284-0.674)

Primary/middle school

51

281892

.000

.132 (.090- .193)

0.001

0.390 (0.222-0685)

No education

16

71952

.000

.162 (.093- .283)

0.101

0.488 (0.207-1.152)

Birth order

      

First born

99

239361

Ref.

   

Second

48

160025

0.068

.725 (.514 - 1.024)

0.05

0.681 (0.464-1.000)

Third & higher

32

149968

0.001

.516 (.346 - .769)

0.016

0.515 (0.300-0.884)

Sex

      

Female

36

266124

Ref.

   

Male

143

283230

.000

3.732 (2.590-5.379)

0

3.358 (2.607-5.417)

Consanguinity†

      

not related

121

382301

0.562

1.097 (0.802-1.500)

0.003

1.639 (1.182-2.274)

related

58

167053

Ref.

   

Urban/Rural

      

Rural

4

115499

.000

.086 (0.032-.0231)

0.001

0.163 (0.059-0.454)

Urban

175

433855

Ref.

   
  1. * Graduate indicates college graduate up to and including graduate degrees. High school indicates high school graduate up to associate's degree (2 years college); primary/middle school indicates any education up to but not including high school.
  2. †Consanguinity (scored dichotomously) indicates that the parents are closely related, as either first, second or third cousins.
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Molecular Autism

ISSN: 2040-2392